In particular, the ONC model has been used to investigate mechanisms involved in RGC degeneration in order to identify molecules with therapeutic potential to be eventually used as pharmacological treatments against glaucomatous neurodegeneration. In this respect, the optic nerve crush (ONC) model although not directly mimicking the pathophysiological mechanisms of the human glaucoma has allowed us to acquire information on RGC degeneration. Although the causes leading to RGC loss are not fully understood, the onset and progression of glaucomatous damage and RGC death may share similar mechanisms.ĭespite several models have been developed to mimic glaucomatous neurodegeneration, all of them result in RGC loss consequent to optic nerve damage, probably as the initial insult in glaucomatous diseases. Glaucoma is a collection of diseases that lead to an irreversible vision loss due to RGC damage. The death of RGC is one of the main causes of irreversible blindness in the world ( 1). The axons of the RGCs form the ON and transmit visual information to the visual cortex. Neurodegenerative disorders of the retina involve optic nerve (ON) head injury and the progressive death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Received: 14 September 2021 Accepted: 23 March 2022 Published: 15 June 2022. Keywords: Axonal injury retrograde degeneration cell death In this respect, the ONC model may be essential to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of glaucomatous diseases and may help to develop novel neuroprotective therapies. Moreover, information on the electroretinogram procedure and the immunohistochemical detection of RGCs are described to evaluate the morpho-functional consequences of ONC.ĭiscussion: Although the model of ONC is improperly assimilated to glaucoma, then the ONC model simulates most of the signaling responses consequent to RGC apoptosis as observed in models of experimental glaucoma. Point-by-point protocol is reported with a particular focus on the critical point for the realization of the model. Methods: The present article summarizes experimental procedures and analytical methodologies related to one experimental model of glaucoma induced by optic nerve crush (ONC). The different animal models developed to mimic glaucomatous neurodegeneration, all result in RGC loss consequent optic nerve damage. Glaucoma is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the optic nerve and the loss of RGCs that can lead to loss of vision. An example of such diseases in humans includes optic nerve degeneration in glaucoma. Policy of Dealing with Allegations of Research Misconductīackground: Axonal degeneration caused by damage to the optic nerve can result in a gradual death of retinal ganglion cells (RGC), leading to irreversible vision loss.Policy of Screening for Plagiarism Process.
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